This 2018 episode covers a conflict that wasn't really a riot, and wasn't really about the zoot suits -- although they had come to symbolize A LOT in Los Angeles when this happened.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly and Tracy talk about a critical letter that Mrs. Pat once received from a fan. Then Tracy mentions the way that Randolph's work is sometimes eclipsed by other Civil Rights events.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A. Philip Randolph was a key figure in the history of Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. But that was just one effort in a lifetime of activism for racial equality. Research: "A. Philip Randolph." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, Gale, 1998. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631005446/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=a02165a4. Accessed 10 May 2023. AFL-CIO. “A. Philip Randolph.” https://aflcio.org/about/history/labor-history-people/asa-philip-randolph American Experience. “A. Philip Randolph.” From Marcus Garvey: Look for Me in the Whirlwind. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/garvey-philip-randolph/ American Friends Service Committee. “Honoring A. Philip Randolph, a leader in the March on Washington.” 9/3/2020. https://afsc.org/news/honoring-philip-randolph-leader-march-washington Bishop, M. (2017, June 11). Lucille Campbell Green Randolph (1883-1963). BlackPast.org. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/randolph-lucille-campbell-green-1883-1963/ Bracey, John H. Jr. and “August Meier. “Allies or Adversaries?: The NAACP, A. Philip Randolph and the 1941 March on Washington.” The Georgia Historical Quarterly , Spring 1991, Vol. 75, No. 1. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40582270 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "A. Philip Randolph". Encyclopedia Britannica, 12 May. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/A-Philip-Randolph. Accessed 12 May 2023. Bynum, Cornelius. “A Philip Randolph and the Struggle for Civil Rights.” University of Illinois Press. 2010. Green, James R. “A. Philip Randolph and Boston's African-American Railroad Worker.” Trotter Review. Vol. 6, Issue 2. 9/21/1992. http://scholarworks.umb.edu/trotter_review Hill, Norman. "A. Philip Randolph. (Labor)." Social Policy, vol. 32, no. 4, summer 2002, pp. 9+. Gale General OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A90747203/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=f45caf0e. Accessed 10 May 2023. Marable, Manning. “A. Philip Randolph and the Foundations of Black American Socialism.” From Workers' Struggles, Past and Present, edited by James Green. Temple University Press. Prescod, Paul. “You Should Know More About A. Philip Randolph, One of America’s Greatest Socialists.” Jacobin. 5/23/2020. https://jacobin.com/2020/05/a-philip-randolph-socialist-civil-rights-march-bscp "Randolph, A. Philip." Development of the Industrial U.S. Reference Library, edited by Sonia G. Benson, et al., vol. 2: Biographies, UXL, 2006, pp. 182-192. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3442000053/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=643ce2c8. Accessed 10 May 2023. Randolph, A. Philip, "Letter from A. Philip Randolph, International President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters to Fiorello La Guardia, Mayor of New York City," 5 June 1941. Courtesy of National Archives. https://iowaculture.gov/history/education/educator-resources/primary-source-sets/protest-america/letter-philip-randolph-to See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mrs. Patrick Campbell was a hugely famous actress in the early 20th century, though she hasn’t really retained her iconic status. She quickly had a reputation as a stage diva with a sharp tongue, and originated one of the most beloved characters of the stage and screen. Research: Campbell, Mrs. Patrick. “My Life and Some Letters.” New York. Dodd, Mead. 1922. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/mylifesomeletter00camp Sudermann, Hermann. “Magda.” Lamson, Wolffe and Company. New York. 1895. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/34184/pg34184-images.html Woods, Leigh. “’The Golden Calf’: Noted English Actresses in American Vaudeville, 1904-1916.” Journal of American Culture. 1992. https://www.academia.edu/47469417/The_Golden_Calf_Noted_English_Actresses_in_American_Vaudeville_1904_1916 Aston, Elaine. “Campbell [née Tanner], Beatrice Stella [performing name Mrs Patrick Campbell].” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Jan. 3, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/32261 Whitaker, Alma. “Personal Reminiscences of Mrs. Patrick Campbell.” Los Angeles Sunday Times. Nov. 3, 1912. https://www.newspapers.com/image/380204798/?terms=Mrs.%20Patrick%20Campbell&match=1 Peters, Margot. “Mrs. Pat: The Life of Mrs. Patrick Campbell.” Bodley Head. 1984. “Famous Actress at Death’s Door.” Salt Lake Tribune. Sept. 19, 1912. https://www.newspapers.com/image/76001747/?terms=Mrs.%20Patrick%20Campbell&match=1 “Mrs. Patrick Campbell Ill.” The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Sept. 20, 1912. https://www.newspapers.com/image/54225938/?terms=Mrs.%20Patrick%20Campbell&match=1 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "problem play". Encyclopedia Britannica, 20 Jul. 1998, https://www.britannica.com/art/problem-play Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Mrs. Patrick Campbell". Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Apr. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mrs-Patrick-Campbell “Mrs. Campbell, 75, Famous Actress.” New York Times. April 11, 1940. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1940/04/11/92937919.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 Shaw, George Bernard. “Pygmalion.” 1912. Digitized March 1, 2003. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/3825/3825-h/3825-h.htm Atkinson, J. Brooks. “Mrs. Campbell Returns.” New York Times. Feb. 8, 1927. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1927/02/08/110039988.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters became the first African-American labor union to be recognized by the American Federation of Labor. This 2014 episode covers how the group became an important force for social change.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.